Date of Publication :2nd July 2024

Abstract: Majority of world indigenous species are endangered, facing extinction. Governments and organizations are putting measures of ensuring conservation of the endangered flora and fauna that once flourished naturally and mutually within a complete self-sustaining ecosystem. The extinction of most animal species in developing countries has been occasioned by uncontrolled poaching, human encroachment into animal habitat for purposes of enhancing rainfed agriculture and acquiring land for settlements and industrialization, environmental degradation, pollution, natural calamities like wildfires, prolonged famine and above all global warming. This paper presents a smart sustainable animal conservation model. Motivated by Internet of Things (IoT) technology, a conservation and management system is presented that encompasses interconnection of different smart subsystems that interacts with the conservation stakeholders, a sanctuary and the specified endangered species flock. The system uses remote sensing to protect the species through geofencing and geolocation capabilities. This ensures the endangered species are remotely monitored within a virtual locality thereby, protecting them from both human and nonhuman predators. To solve the issue of unpredictable weather patterns and natural calamities, a smart irrigation, watering and disaster monitoring systems are incorporated respectively. These subsystems are interlinked to an intelligent management system as well as a web-based interface for monitoring, marketing and advertisements to ensure self-sustainability. This paper therefore realizes a low cost self-sustaining smart conservation model suitable for developing countries that are keen with conservation.

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